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* J.L. Hennessy, D.A. Patterson, "Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach" 5th Edition, Morgan Kaufman/Elsevier, 2012, ISBN: 978-0-12-383872-8.
* D. Culler, J.P. Singh, A. Gupta, "Parallel Computer Architecture: A Hardware/Software Approach", Morgan Kaufman/Elsevier, 1998, ISBN-10 1558603433.
* M.J. Flynn, "Computer Architecture: Pipelined and Parallel Processor Design", Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc., 1995, ISBN 0867202041
* David B. Kirk and Wen-mei W. Hwu, "Programming Massively Parallel Processors: A Hands-on Approach", Morgan Kaufmann (February 5, 2010) ISBN 0123814723.