DOCTORATE in GENETICS, ONCOLOGY and CLINICAL MEDICINE
DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN GENETICA ONCOLOGIA E MEDICINA CLINICA

UNIVERSITA' DEGLI STUDI  DI SIENA

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General Information                                                           

 

General information

The Doctorate in Genetics, Oncology and Clinical Medicine at the University of Siena trains students to carry out research in Medical Genetics, Oncological Genetics, and Oncological Surgery over a three year program. The aim of this Doctoral School is to train researchers that will be able to plan and develop competitive research proposals. After the Doctoral School they may follow an academic career in an Italian or a foreign University, or may work in research-oriented public or private institutions.

The main aim of medical research is to define the molecular basis of diseases and to translate the scientific knowledge in concrete applications for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases.

Program:

Educational training of the doctoral school is divided into eight educational training:

The Doctorate is aimed to educate students on the molecular basis and clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of monogenic and multifactorial diseases (resulting from the interaction between genes and environment), including cancer.

The Doctorate is divided into eight educational trainings:

1)  Medical Genetics, focused on the genetics and physiopathology of intellectual disabilities, hereditary tumours and rare syndromes;

2)  Genetics and physiopathology of skeletal disorders, focused on the genetics and physiopathology of osteopathies;

3) Genetics and physiopathology of atherosclerosis, focused on the genetics and physiopathology of cardiovascular and atherothrombosis-related diseases;  

4)  Pharmacogenetics and clinical pharmacology, focused on the knowledge of how drugs vary with patient’s genome and aimed to develop “individual” therapies;

5)  Surgical oncology, focused on clinical-epidemiological-observational studies of thoracic and intestinal tumors;

6)  Hematological and dermatological oncology, focused on clinical-epidemiological-observational studies of melanoma and blood tumors;

7) Oncological Genetics, focused on the identification of new targets and diagnostic, prognostic and predictive markers for oncological therapies;

8)  Clinical Immunology, focused on the molecular basis and clinical aspects of rare immunological disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

 

The PhD student will acquire theoretical and practical knowledge on the latest molecular techniques such as “array-CGH”, “next generation sequencing” and “genetic reprogramming” that allows to obtain iPS (indiced Pluripotent Stem cells) from adult human fibroblasts and to differentiate them into neurones or other cellular types (educational training in Medical Genetics). A specific educational training focused on pharmacogenomics is aimed to the identification of a personalized therapy for each individual (educational training in Pharmacogenetics and clinical pharmacology). Particular attention will be given to the molecular basis and therapeutic strategies of cancer. The PhD student will be able to: i) carry out clinical-epidemiological-observational studies of thoracic and intestinal cancers (educational training in Surgical oncology), of melanomas and oncohemophaties (educational training in Hematological oncology and dermatological oncology); ii) choose the appropriate molecular methods to identify new targets for the design of targeted therapies and new diagnostic, prognostic and predictive markers for therapy response (educational training in Oncological Genetics). One educational training, focused on Clinical Immunology, will train researchers capable of developing research projects concerning rare diseases including immune idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema-alpha-1-antitrypsin deficit and rare autoimmune and autoinflammatory rheumatic diseases. This educational training will also train researches with pre-clinical and clinical expertise to develop new targeted therapeutic agents and new strategies for cancer immunotherapy.

Students will be attending only one of the above mentioned courses, at the end of which they will obtain the PhD title in Oncology and Genetics.

Starting from the first year, students will develop their own research, under the direction of a supervisor chosen among the Faculty Board of the Doctoral School.

Laboratory spaces available for students are located at 1st floor 3rd block (Laboratory of Medical Genetics  with 20 workstations) and at ground floor educational block (Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies and Experimental Oncology with 18 workstations) of Policlinico S Maria alle Scotte, viale Bracci 2, Siena and inside Toscana Life Sciences (TLS) Foundation, via Torre Fiorentina 1 (ITT Core Research Laboratory, Signal Transduction Unit). Detailed laboratory description

PhD students of Sections 1 and 2 will use the current techniques of molecular genetics and cell biology and laboratory activities will cover 70% of the time. Students will spend about 20% of the time in the ambulatory, where they will experience genetic counseling and have direct contact with patients bearing the specific disease (on which the research project will be designed). The remaining 10% of the time will be devoted to lessons and seminars held by Faculty Board or foreign professors (see below “seminars” for those already held). Students are encouraged to undertake periods of research in foreign academic institutions, as long as it helps them make progress in their research; for this purpose, they will receive financial support from the University of Siena (see below). 

PhD students of Sections 3 will spend 70% of their time to clinical and surgery activities, 20% to laboratory activities and 10% to attend lessons and seminars. They will learn the fundamental diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to gastric and colorectal cancer.

PhD students of Sections 4 will spend 50% of their time in clinical and surgery activities, 40% in laboratory activities and the remaining 10% in lessons and seminars. They will examine clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of hepatobiliopancreatic disease and of multitumoral syndromes.

Every year, students present the state of their research in a public seminar. Based on this seminar and on reaching at least 60 credits, it is decided on the admission to the following year. Credits can be obtained as follows:

- annual presentation (up to 10 credits)

- publication on international journal (30 credits if first author, 10 credits if co-author)

- abstract of meetings (5 credits for international congress, 2 for national congress)

- laboratory activity during the year (max 10-25 credits per year), depending on the sections

- genetic counseling (max 20 credits per year)

- surgery activity (max 35 credits per year)

- active participation to lab meetings, seminars and lessons (1 credit each)

The PhD is awarded after discussion of an original scientific work. This must be written in English.

For further information:

All internal decisions about the doctorate are taken by the Faculty Board (Collegio dei Docenti), whose coordinator is prof. Alessandra Renieri.

Queries on matters under the competence of the Collegio and requests for further information can be addressed to geneticamed@unisi.it.